C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y Stanford v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng type 1. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chu\u1ed9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o: k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gh\u00e9p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c t\u1ea1o m\u00e1u v\u1edbi gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn, qua \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eebng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta \u2013 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng type 1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t insulin l\u00e0 \u201ck\u1ebb x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp\u201d v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t insulin v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u00eam insulin su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi. R\u1ee7i ro h\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tim m\u1ea1ch, th\u1eadn, th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch qu\u00e1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m Stanford x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh \u201cc\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i\u201d to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. Thay v\u00ec gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gh\u00e9p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c t\u1ea1o m\u00e1u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u2013 hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cmi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch lai\u201d. Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nhau nh\u01b0 \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t\u201d. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y gh\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y t\u1ebf b\u00e0o beta c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u1ea3 thi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u201cti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n\u201d r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc gh\u00e9p. Thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea1 tr\u1ecb li\u1ec1u cao nh\u01b0 trong gh\u00e9p t\u1ee7y c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 li\u1ec1u th\u1ea5p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eafm tr\u00fang \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c m\u1edbi. Ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed7 cho h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch lai h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec3n giao chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y sang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chu\u1ed9t khi\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd. \u1ede nh\u00f3m chu\u1ed9t m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, 19 tr\u00ean 19 con duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec7nh trong su\u1ed1t s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng theo d\u00f5i. \u1ede nh\u00f3m chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng type 1 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00eam insulin. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea3i gh\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh gh\u00e9p ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 \u2013 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i lo th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gh\u00e9p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c \u2013 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb m\u00e0 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Stanford. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng gh\u00e9p t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p k\u00e8m gh\u00e9p th\u1eadn t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n duy tr\u00ec th\u1eadn gh\u00e9p trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y sang b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u00e1c t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u1eabu v\u1eady, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y l\u1eabn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c t\u1ea1o m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn khi\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u00e0ng th\u00eam khan hi\u1ebfm. \u0110\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng qua c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ee5y t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng type 1. N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ea1o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch lai an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n \u2013 t\u1eeb lupus, vi\u00eam kh\u1edbp d\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh li\u1ec1m \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi, n\u01a1i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u201cph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi\u201d cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng type 1, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Stanford mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u l\u1ea1c quan: b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c, gh\u00e9p m\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ng\u00e0nh y h\u1ecdc \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u01a1i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n